Kiln.



J. N. SILVA.

KILN.

APPLICATION FILED NOV.13, 1912.

Patented Mar. 23, 1915.

3 SHEET S-SHBET 1.

3 nuawlloz HE NORRIS PETERS 60.. PHOTG-LITHG, WASHING TON. D. C.

J. N. SILVA.

} KILN.

APPLICATION FILED NOV. 13, 1912.

Patented Mar. 23, 1915.

THE NORRIS PETERS c0. PHOTO-LITHD., WASHINGRJN, D, C.

J. N. SlLVA.

KILN

APPLICATION FILED NOV. 13,1912.

Patented Mar. 23, 1915.

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um Axiom J/Z fi'Zz/a 11H m H. 111 wi/tmeooeo THE NORRIS PETERS CO. PHO'IQ-LI'IHQ. WASHINGTON, D. Q

JUAN a sinvn, or PUEBLO, coLonano.

KILN'.

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Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Mar. as, are.

Application filed November 13, 1912. Serial No. 731,147.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that 1, JUAN N. SILVA, a citi- Zen of the Republic of Mexico, residing at Pueblo, in the county of Pueblo and State of Colorado, have invented new and useful Improvements in Kilns, of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to kilns, the object in view being to provide a practical and economical arrangement of furnaces of novel construction, which will produce a materially greater amount of heat for a given amount of fuel than the arrangement now in common use in connection with brick kilns.

A further object of the invention is to provide means whereby the ashes may be conveniently removed from beneath the grate; also to provide means whereby air may be simultaneously distributed to a circular battery or series of furnaces through a manifold and branches leading therefrom to the individual furnaces.

A further object is to provide means whereby the air supply may be cut off while cleaning out the fires and removing the ashes from the chutes in which they are received.

With the above and other objects in view, the invention consists in the construction, combination and arrangement of parts, as will be hereinafter more fully described, i1- lustrated in the accompanying drawings, and pointed out in the claims hereunto appended.

In the drawings: Figure 1 is a horizontal section through a kiln, embodying the present invention. Fig. 2 is a vertical section on the line a-a of Fig. 1. Fig. 3 is a vertical section through the foundation on the line 33 of Fig. 1, showing the superstructure in elevation.

By reference to the drayvings, it will be observed that a number of furnaces are provided, and that they are arranged in a circular battery or series.

Referring particularly to Fig. 2, it will be observed that a foundation or base 1 is provided, upon which the kiln is erected, the ground line being indicated at 2. The kiln, as a whole, comprises an outer annular wall 3, an exteriorly arranged stack 4-, a crown wall 5 forming the roof of the kiln, and a floor 6 arranged about on the same level as the ground. The wall 3 is provided with a doorway 7, to allow the different portions of the kiln between the furnaces to be charged with bricks or like material. The floor is provided with a circular series of furnaces 8 separated from each other by the flash walls or partitions 9, and arranged within each furnace is a grate 10, embodymg; a series of grate bars journaled on parallel longitudinal axes, each grate bar being provlded at its opposite ends with pintles or shafts 11 journaled in suitable rectangular frames 12 set into the masonry of the furnace. Each of the grate bars has the shaft at one end thereof extended through the side Wall and provided with a pinion 13 fast thereon, the pinions of parallel grate bars intermeshing with each other, so that by turning one pinion, rocking movement is imparted to all of the grate bars. The shaft is extended, as shown at 14, to receive a suitable operating crank or shaker.

In connection with the grates, a circular series of ash hoppers 15 is provided, there being one hopper for each grate. All of these hoppers are provided with downwardly converging Walls which lead to ash chutes 16, said chutes leading downward and outward into ash pits 17. Each of the chutes 15 is provided at its outer end with a cap 18 which is hinged thereto, as shown at 19, and held normally closed by means of coiled contractile springs 20, the outer ends of which are connected to oppositely projecting arms 21 on the cap, and the opposite or inner ends of which are connected to fixed points, which may be furnished by anchor pins 22, as shown in Fig. 3. The springs 20 are so arranged that when the cap 18 is swung outward, said springs will serve to hold the cap open while all of the ashes are allowed to discharge from the chute. The springs also act to hold the cap closed in the position illustrated in Fig. 3. V

23 designates a circular air inlet manifold extending around within the base, outside of the vertical plane of the outer wall 3 of the kiln. This annular air inlet manifold is provided at suitable points with branches or air supply tubes 24: leading into the several ash hoppers 15, and discharging fresh air into said hoppers below the superi1nposed grates. By reference to Fig. 1, it will be seen that air from a suitable fan 25,

mounted in a fan casing 26, is delivered through a main air conduit 27 to a branch 28, which affords communication between the conduit 27 and the annular air inlet manifold 23, air being thus forced into and through the manifold and through the air supply tubes 2 intothe ash hoppers.

Each of the tubes 24: is provided at its inner end with a cap 29 pivotally mounted thereon, as shown at 30, and provided with an operating arm 31, from which a rod 32 leads outward, so as to be accessible from the exterior of the kiln, as shown in Fig. 2. This enables the operator to open one or more or all of the air inlet tubes, so that combustion may be readily regulated, and the fires in the difierent furnaces regulated independently of each other.

A vertically extending operating rod 33 is connected with each cap 18 by a chain 34 to adapt said cap to be opened and closed without descending into the ash pit 17. For each ash pit 17 a manhole 35 is provided, the same being normally closed at the top by a manhole cover36. The fuel doors are shown at 37. In the center of the kiln floor is a grating 38 beneath which is a smoke chamber 39. From this smoke chamber a smoke pipe or fiue &0 leads to the stack t.

' The forced draft causes the products of combustion to pass from the furnaces upward and downward through the bricks and down through the grating 38 into the smoke chamber 39 and through the flue 4:0 to the smoke stack.

When a grate is shaken down to freshen up the fire, the cap 29 is closed, so as to prevent ashes from passing into the air manifold and the branches thereof, and also to shut off the supply of air under pressure in the manifold 23, when the ash door is opened to admit of theremoval of ashes from the chute. This greatly conserves the heat and saves much of the fuel going to Waste in furnaces of the kind now in common use in brick kilns. The cap 29 is also closed during the operation of cleaning out the fires, preparatory to building new fires; in the furnaces, thus preventing admission of air to the furnaces during such operation. The caps 29 also enable the fires in the different furnaces to be regulated, in order to obtain an even distribution of heat in the furnaces throughout the kiln, as a whole.

I claim 2-- 1. In a kiln, a pit located eXteriorly of Copies of this patent may be obtained for and beyond the plane of the kiln walls and open at its top, a removable man-hole cover for said pit a furnace embodying a fire box located within the plane of the kiln walls, a grate in the bottom of said fire box, an ash hopper beneath the grate, an ash chute sloping downwardly and outwardly therefrom and intersecting said pit, an ash door at the discharge end of said chute, an air supply tube passing through the side wall of said hopper inclining upwardly and terminating under the grate, a hinged slanting upwardly swinging cap for closing the discharge end of said tube, and means operable from the exterior of the furnace for raising and lowering said cap.

2. In a kiln, a pit located exteriorly of and beyond the plane of the kiln walls, a furnace embodying a fire box located within the plane of the kiln walls, a grate in the bottom of said fire box, an ash hopper beneath the grate, an ash chute sloping downwardly and outwardly therefrom and intersecting said pit, an ash door at the discharge end of said chute and within said pit, means operable exteriorly of the kiln for opening and closing said ash door, and a spring connection within said pit for sustaining the ash door either in an open or shut position.

3. In a kiln, a pit located exteriorly of and beyond the plane of the kiln walls, a furnace embodying a fire box located within the plane of the kiln walls, a grate in the bottom of said fire box, an ash hopper beneath the grate, an ash chute sloping clownwardly and outwardly therefrom and intersecting said pit, an ash door at the discharge end of said chute and within said pit, arms extending in opposite directions from said ash door, springs connected to said arms within said pit and operating to sustain the ash door either in an open or shut position, and means operable exteriorly of the kiln for opening and closing said ash door.

In testimony whereof I affix my signature in presence of two witnesses.

JUAN N. SILVA.

Witnesses Lnn. ANAYA, FLoRY Rni mon.

five cents each, by addressing the Commissioner of Patents,

Washington, D. G. 

